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Question1: A company's DevOps engineer is working in a multi-account environment. The company uses AWS Transit Gateway to route all outbound traffic through a network operations account. In the network operations account all account traffic passes through a firewall appliance for inspection before the traffic goes to an internet gateway.The firewall appliance sends logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs and includes event seventies of CRITICAL, HIGH, MEDIUM, LOW, and INFO. The security team wants to receive an alert if any CRITICAL events occur.What should the DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?
Question2: A Company uses AWS CodeCommit for source code control. Developers apply their changes to various feature branches and create pull requests to move those changes to the main branch when the changes are ready for production.The developers should not be able to push changes directly to the main branch. The company applied the AWSCodeCommitPowerUser managed policy to the developers' IAM role, and now these developers can push changes to the main branch directly on every repository in the AWS account.What should the company do to restrict the developers' ability to push changes to the main branch directly?
Question3: A DevOps engineer manages a large commercial website that runs on Amazon EC2. The website uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect and process web togs. The DevOps engineer manages the Kinesis consumer application, which also runs on Amazon EC2.Sudden increases of data cause the Kinesis consumer application to (all behind and the Kinesis data streams drop records before the records can be processed. The DevOps engineer must implement a solution to improve stream handling.Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?
Question4: A company is adopting AWS CodeDeploy to automate its application deployments for a Java-Apache Tomcat application with an Apache Webserver. The development team started with a proof of concept, created a deployment group for a developer environment, and performed functional tests within the application. After completion, the team will create additional deployment groups for staging and production.The current log level is configured within the Apache settings, but the team wants to change this configuration dynamically when the deployment occurs, so that they can set different log level configurations depending on the deployment group without having a different application revision for each group.How can these requirements be met with the LEAST management overhead and without requiring different script versions for each deployment group?
Question5: A DevOps engineer is deploying a new version of a company's application in an AWS CodeDeploy deployment group associated with its Amazon EC2 instances. After some time, the deployment fails. The engineer realizes that all the events associated with the specific deployment ID are in a Skipped status and code was not deployed in the instances associated with the deployment group.What are valid reasons for this failure? (Select TWO.).
Question6: A company wants to use a grid system for a proprietary enterprise m-memory data store on top of AWS. This system can run in multiple server nodes in any Linux-based distribution. The system must be able to reconfigure the entire cluster every time a node is added or removed. When adding or removing nodes an /etc./cluster/nodes config file must be updated listing the IP addresses of the current node members of that cluster.The company wants to automate the task of adding new nodes to a cluster.What can a DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?
Question7: A production account has a requirement that any Amazon EC2 instance that has been logged in to manually must be terminated within 24 hours. All applications in the production account are using Auto Scaling groups with the Amazon CloudWatch Logs agent configured.How can this process be automated?
Question8: A company has its AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. AWS Config is manually configured in each AWS account. The company needs to implement a solution to centrally configure AWS Config for all accounts in the organization The solution also must record resource changes to a central account.Which combination of actions should a DevOps engineer perform to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
Question9: A company has an application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances that are in an Auto Scaling group. When the application starts up. the application needs to process data from an Amazon S3 bucket before the application can start to serve requests.The size of the data that is stored in the S3 bucket is growing. When the Auto Scaling group adds new instances, the application now takes several minutes to download and process the data before the application can serve requests. The company must reduce the time that elapses before new EC2 instances are ready to serve requests.Which solution is the MOST cost-effective way to reduce the application startup time?
Question10: To run an application, a DevOps engineer launches an Amazon EC2 instance with public IP addresses in a public subnet. A user data script obtains the application artifacts and installs them on the instances upon launch. A change to the security classification of the application now requires the instances to run with no access to the internet. While the instances launch successfully and show as healthy, the application does not seem to be installed.Which of the following should successfully install the application while complying with the new rule?
Question11: A DevOps engineer is building a multistage pipeline with AWS CodePipeline to build, verify, stage, test, and deploy an application. A manual approval stage is required between the test stage and the deploy stage. The development team uses a custom chat tool with webhook support that requires near-real-time notifications.How should the DevOps engineer configure status updates for pipeline activity and approval requests to post to the chat tool?
Question12: A development team uses AWS CodeCommit, AWS CodePipeline, and AWS CodeBuild to develop and deploy an application. Changes to the code are submitted by pull requests. The development team reviews and merges the pull requests, and then the pipeline builds and tests the application.Over time, the number of pull requests has increased. The pipeline is frequently blocked because of failing tests. To prevent this blockage, the development team wants to run the unit and integration tests on each pull request before it is merged.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question13: A company builds a container image in an AWS CodeBuild project by running Docker commands. After the container image is built, the CodeBuild project uploads the container image to an Amazon S3 bucket. The CodeBuild project has an 1AM service role that has permissions to access the S3 bucket.A DevOps engineer needs to replace the S3 bucket with an Amazon Elastic Container Registry (Amazon ECR) repository to store the container images. The DevOps engineer creates an ECR private image repository in the same AWS Region of the CodeBuild project. The DevOps engineer adjusts the 1AM service role with the permissions that are necessary to work with the new ECR repository. The DevOps engineer also places new repository information into the docker build command and the docker push command that are used in the buildspec.yml file.When the CodeBuild project runs a build job, the job fails when the job tries to access the ECR repository.Which solution will resolve the issue of failed access to the ECR repository?
Question14: A company's security team requires that all external Application Load Balancers (ALBs) and Amazon API Gateway APIs are associated with AWS WAF web ACLs. The company has hundreds of AWS accounts, all of which are included in a single organization in AWS Organizations. The company has configured AWS Config for the organization. During an audit, the company finds some externally facing ALBs that are not associated with AWS WAF web ACLs.Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take to prevent future violations? (Choose two.)
Question15: A company wants to set up a continuous delivery pipeline. The company stores application code in a private GitHub repository. The company needs to deploy the application components to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). Amazon EC2, and AWS Lambd a. The pipeline must support manual approval actions.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question16: A company has deployed an application in a production VPC in a single AWS account. The application is popular and is experiencing heavy usage. The company's security team wants to add additional security, such as AWS WAF, to the application deployment. However, the application's product manager is concerned about cost and does not want to approve the change unless the security team can prove that additional security is necessary.The security team believes that some of the application's demand might come from users that have IP addresses that are on a deny list. The security team provides the deny list to a DevOps engineer. If any of the IP addresses on the deny list access the application, the security team wants to receive automated notification in near real time so that the security team can document that the application needs additional security. The DevOps engineer creates a VPC flow log for the production VPC.Which set of additional steps should the DevOps engineer take to meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
Question17: A DevOps engineer is researching the least expensive way to implement an image batch processing cluster on AWS. The application cannot run in Docker containers and must run on Amazon EC2. The batch job stores checkpoint data on an NFS volume and can tolerate interruptions. Configuring the cluster software from a generic EC2 Linux image takes 30 minutes.What is the MOST cost-effective solution?
Question18: An online retail company based in the United States plans to expand its operations to Europe and Asia in the next six months. Its product currently runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. All data is stored in an Amazon Aurora database instance.When the product is deployed in multiple regions, the company wants a single product catalog across all regions, but for compliance purposes, its customer information and purchases must be kept in each region.How should the company meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of application changes?
Question19: A DevOps engineer used an AWS Cloud Formation custom resource to set up AD Connector. The AWS Lambda function ran and created AD Connector, but Cloud Formation is not transitioning from CREATE_IN_PROGRESS to CREATE_COMPLETE.Which action should the engineer take to resolve this issue?
Question20: A company uses AWS Secrets Manager to store a set of sensitive API keys that an AWS Lambda function uses. When the Lambda function is invoked, the Lambda function retrieves the API keys and makes an API call to an external service. The Secrets Manager secret is encrypted with the default AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key.A DevOps engineer needs to update the infrastructure to ensure that only the Lambda function's execution role can access the values in Secrets Manager. The solution must apply the principle of least privilege.Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
Question21: A company runs an application on one Amazon EC2 instance. Application metadata is stored in Amazon S3 and must be retrieved if the instance is restarted. The instance must restart or relaunch automatically if the instance becomes unresponsive.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question22: A company uses AWS CodeArtifact to centrally store Python packages. The CodeArtifact repository is configured with the following repository policy.A development team is building a new project in an account that is in an organization in AWS Organizations. The development team wants to use a Python library that has already been stored in the CodeArtifact repository in the organization. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline and AWS CodeBuild to build the new application. The CodeBuild job that the development team uses to build the application is configured to run in a VPC Because of compliance requirements the VPC has no internet connectivity.The development team creates the VPC endpoints for CodeArtifact and updates the CodeBuild buildspec yaml file. However, the development team cannot download the Python library from the repository.Which combination of steps should a DevOps engineer take so that the development team can use Code Artifact? (Select TWO.)
Question23: An application running on a set of Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group requires a configuration file to operate. The instances are created and maintained with AWS CloudFormation. A DevOps engineer wants the instances to have the latest configuration file when launched and wants changes to the configuration file to be reflected on all the instances with a minimal delay when the CloudFormation template is updated. Company policy requires that application configuration files be maintained along with AWS infrastructure configuration files m source control.Which solution will accomplish this?
Question24: A DevOps engineer needs to configure a blue green deployment for an existing three-tier application. The application runs on Amazon EC2 instances and uses an Amazon RDS database The EC2 instances run behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) and are in an Auto Scaling group.The DevOps engineer has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the blue environment. The DevOps engineer also has created a launch template and an Auto Scaling group for the green environment. Each Auto Scaling group deploys to a matching blue or green target group. The target group also specifies which software blue or green gets loaded on the EC2 instances. The ALB can be configured to send traffic to the blue environments target group or the green environments target group. An Amazon Route 53 record for www example com points to the ALB.The deployment must move traffic all at once between the software on the blue environment's EC2 instances to the newly deployed software on the green environments EC2 instances What should the DevOps engineer do to meet these requirements?
Question25: A company is using AWS CodePipeline to automate its release pipeline. AWS CodeDeploy is being used in the pipeline to deploy an application to Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) using the blue/green deployment model. The company wants to implement scripts to test the green version of the application before shifting traffic. These scripts will complete in 5 minutes or less. If errors are discovered during these tests, the application must be rolled back.Which strategy will meet these requirements?
Question26: A DevOps engineer needs to apply a core set of security controls to an existing set of AWS accounts. The accounts are in an organization in AWS Organizations. Individual teams will administer individual accounts by using the AdministratorAccess AWS managed policy. For all accounts. AWS CloudTrail and AWS Config must be turned on in all available AWS Regions. Individual account administrators must not be able to edit or delete any of the baseline resources. However, individual account administrators must be able to edit or delete their own CloudTrail trails and AWS Config rules.Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?
Question27: A rapidly growing company wants to scale for developer demand for AWS development environments. Development environments are created manually in the AWS Management Console. The networking team uses AWS CloudFormation to manage the networking infrastructure, exporting stack output values for the Amazon VPC and all subnets. The development environments have common standards, such as Application Load Balancers, Amazon EC2 Auto Scaling groups, security groups, and Amazon DynamoDB tables.To keep up with demand, the DevOps engineer wants to automate the creation of development environments. Because the infrastructure required to support the application is expected to grow, there must be a way to easily update the deployed infrastructure. CloudFormation will be used to create a template for the development environments.Which approach will meet these requirements and quickly provide consistent AWS environments for developers?
Question28: An AWS CodePipeline pipeline has implemented a code release process. The pipeline is integrated with AWS CodeDeploy to deploy versions of an application to multiple Amazon EC2 instances for each CodePipeline stage.During a recent deployment the pipeline failed due to a CodeDeploy issue. The DevOps team wants to improve monitoring and notifications during deployment to decrease resolution times.What should the DevOps engineer do to create notifications. When issues are discovered?
Question29: A company is testing a web application that runs on Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer. The instances run in an Auto Scaling group across multiple Availability Zones. The company uses a blue green deployment process with immutable instances when deploying new software.During testing users are being automatically logged out of the application at random times. Testers also report that when a new version of the application is deployed all users are logged out. The development team needs a solution to ensure users remain logged m across scaling events and application deployments.What is the MOST operationally efficient way to ensure users remain logged in?
Question30: A highly regulated company has a policy that DevOps engineers should not log in to their Amazon EC2 instances except in emergencies. It a DevOps engineer does log in the security team must be notified within 15 minutes of the occurrence.Which solution will meet these requirements'?
Question31: A company requires that its internally facing web application be highly available. The architecture is made up of one Amazon EC2 web server instance and one NAT instance that provides outbound internet access for updates and accessing public data.Which combination of architecture adjustments should the company implement to achieve high availability? (Choose two.)
Question32: A video-sharing company stores its videos in Amazon S3. The company has observed a sudden increase in video access requests, but the company does not know which videos are most popular. The company needs to identify the general access pattern for the video files. This pattern includes the number of users who access a certain file on a given day, as well as the numb A DevOps engineer manages a large commercial website that runs on Amazon EC2 The website uses Amazon Kinesis Data Streams to collect and process web togs The DevOps engineer manages the Kinesis consumer application, which also runs on Amazon EC2 Sudden increases of data cause the Kinesis consumer application to (all behind and the Kinesis data streams drop records before the records can be processed The DevOps engineer must implement a solution to improve stream handling Which solution meets these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency'' er of pull requests for certain files.How can the company meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of effort?
Question33: A company wants to ensure that their EC2 instances are secure. They want to be notified if any new vulnerabilities are discovered on their instances and they also want an audit trail of all login activities on the instances.Which solution will meet these requirements'?
Question34: A company requires its developers to tag all Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) volumes in an account to indicate a desired backup frequency. This requirement Includes EBS volumes that do not require backups. The company uses custom tags named Backup_Frequency that have values of none, dally, or weekly that correspond to the desired backup frequency. An audit finds that developers are occasionally not tagging the EBS volumes.A DevOps engineer needs to ensure that all EBS volumes always have the Backup_Frequency tag so that the company can perform backups at least weekly unless a different value is specified.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question35: A company deploys updates to its Amazon API Gateway API several times a week by using an AWS CodePipeline pipeline. As part of the update process the company exports the JavaScript SDK for the API from the API. Gateway console and uploads the SDK to an Amazon S3 bucket The company has configured an Amazon CloudFront distribution that uses the S3 bucket as an origin Web client then download the SDK by using the CloudFront distribution's endpoint. A DevOps engineer needs to implement a solution to make the new SDK available automatically during new API deployments.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question36: A company has a guideline that every Amazon EC2 instance must be launched from an AMI that the company's security team produces Every month the security team sends an email message with the latest approved AMIs to all the development teams.The development teams use AWS CloudFormation to deploy their applications. When developers launch a new service they have to search their email for the latest AMIs that the security department sent. A DevOps engineer wants to automate the process that the security team uses to provide the AMI IDs to the development teams.What is the MOST scalable solution that meets these requirements?
Question37: A company is deploying a new application that uses Amazon EC2 instances. The company needs a solution to query application logs and AWS account API activity Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question38: A DevOps engineer is architecting a continuous development strategy for a company's software as a service (SaaS) web application running on AWS. For application and security reasons users subscribing to this application are distributed across multiple. Application Load Balancers (ALBs) each of which has a dedicated Auto Scaling group and fleet of Amazon EC2 instances The application does not require a build stage and when it is committed to AWS CodeCommit, the application must trigger a simultaneous deployment to all ALBs Auto Scaling groups and EC2 fleets.Which architecture will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of configuration?
Question39: A development team is using AWS CodeCommit to version control application code and AWS CodePipeline to orchestrate software deployments. The team has decided to use a remote main branch as the trigger for the pipeline to integrate code changes. A developer has pushed code changes to the CodeCommit repository, but noticed that the pipeline had no reaction, even after 10 minutes.Which of the following actions should be taken to troubleshoot this issue?
Question40: A company uses a series of individual Amazon Cloud Formation templates to deploy its multi-Region Applications. These templates must be deployed in a specific order. The company is making more changes to the templates than previously expected and wants to deploy new templates more efficiently. Additionally, the data engineering team must be notified of all changes to the templates.What should the company do to accomplish these goals?
Question41: A development team uses AWS CodeCommit for version control for applications. The development team uses AWS CodePipeline, AWS CodeBuild. and AWS CodeDeploy for CI/CD infrastructure. In CodeCommit, the development team recently merged pull requests that did not pass long-running tests in the code base. The development team needed to perform rollbacks to branches in the codebase, resulting in lost time and wasted effort.A DevOps engineer must automate testing of pull requests in CodeCommit to ensure that reviewers more easily see the results of automated tests as part of the pull request review.What should the DevOps engineer do to meet this requirement?
Question42: A company is running an application on Amazon EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group. Recently an issue occurred that prevented EC2 instances from launching successfully and it took several hours for the support team to discover the issue. The support team wants to be notified by email whenever an EC2 instance does not start successfully.Which action will accomplish this?
Question43: A company has many AWS accounts. During AWS account creation the company uses automation to create an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group in every AWS Region that the company operates in. The automaton configures new resources in the accounts to publish logs to the provisioned log groups in their Region.The company has created a logging account to centralize the logging from all the other accounts. A DevOps engineer needs to aggregate the log groups from all the accounts to an existing Amazon S3 bucket in the logging account.Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?
Question44: A company is using an AWS CodeBuild project to build and package an application. The packages are copied to a shared Amazon S3 bucket before being deployed across multiple AWS accounts.The buildspec.yml file contains the following:The DevOps engineer has noticed that anybody with an AWS account is able to download the artifacts.What steps should the DevOps engineer take to stop this?
Question45: A company's DevOps engineer is creating an AWS Lambda function to process notifications from an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic. The Lambda function will process the notification messages and will write the contents of the notification messages to an Amazon RDS Multi-AZ DB instance.During testing a database administrator accidentally shut down the DB instance. While the database was down the company lost several of the SNS notification messages that were delivered during that time.The DevOps engineer needs to prevent the loss of notification messages in the future Which solutions will meet this requirement? (Select TWO.)
Question46: A company's DevOps engineer uses AWS Systems Manager to perform maintenance tasks during maintenance windows. The company has a few Amazon EC2 instances that require a restart after notifications from AWS Health. The DevOps engineer needs to implement an automated solution to remediate these notifications. The DevOps engineer creates an Amazon EventBridge rule.How should the DevOps engineer configure the EventBridge rule to meet these requirements?
Question47: A company has an on-premises application that is written in Go. A DevOps engineer must move the application to AWS. The company's development team wants to enable blue/green deployments and perform A/B testing.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question48: A company uses a single AWS account lo test applications on Amazon EC2 instances. The company has turned on AWS Config in the AWS account and has activated the restricted-ssh AWS Config managed rule.The company needs an automated monitoring solution that will provide a customized notification in real time if any security group in the account is not compliant with the restricted-ssh rule. The customized notification must contain the name and ID of the noncompliant security group.A DevOps engineer creates an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic in the account and subscribes the appropriate personnel to the topic.What should me DevOps engineer do next to meet these requirements?
Question49: A company provides an application to customers. The application has an Amazon API Gateway REST API that invokes an AWS Lambda function. On initialization, the Lambda function loads a large amount of data from an Amazon DynamoDB table. The data load process results in long cold-start times of 8-10 seconds. The DynamoDB table has DynamoDB Accelerator (DAX) configured.Customers report that the application intermittently takes a long time to respond to requests. The application receives thousands of requests throughout the day. In the middle of the day, the application experiences 10 times more requests than at any other time of the day. Near the end of the day, the application's request volume decreases to 10% of its normal total.A DevOps engineer needs to reduce the latency of the Lambda function at all times of the day.Which solution will meet these requirements?
Question50: A company requires an RPO of 2 hours and an RTO of 10 minutes for its data and application at all times. An application uses a MySQL database and Amazon EC2 web servers. The development team needs a strategy for failover and disaster recovery.Which combination of deployment strategies will meet these requirements? (Select TWO.)
